Bougainvillea is a popular ornamental, mostly valued for its multi coloured bracts. It can be used in the garden as a shrub, climber, pot plant or as a specimen plant. By keeping the view of its multiple uses there is always demand for the new coloured and forms of bracts in bougainvillea. All the present day colourful bracted bougainvilleas are developed through bud sports, mutations and inter and intra specific hybridization. There is no record of varieties evolved in bougainvillea through classical breeding in different countries. Present article will provide maximum information generated in India by different research institutes on classical and mutation breeding on bougainvillea.
CLASSIFICATIONS AND CHARACTERISTICS
Plant Division
Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants)
Plant Growth Form
Climber
Lifespan (in Singapore)
Perennial
Mode of Nutrition
Autotrophic
DESCRIPTION AND ETHNOBOTANY
Woody perennial vine or shrub (or small tree), erect or clambering, attaining a height of up to 12 m and a width of 7 m. Branches pilose, with straight, axillary, pilose spines.
Leaves alternate, 2.6-2.5 × 2.7- 5 cm, chartaceous, ovate, the apex acute, obtuse, or acuminate, the base obtuse, rounded, or attenuate, slightly asymmetrical, the margins sinuate; lower surface tomentulose, with prominent pilose venation; petioles slender, 1 to 2.3 cm long, pilose.
Flowers in axillary clusters of threes, each flower with a purple, red, pink, or orange bract beneath, to ca. 3 to 4 cm long; calyx tubular with 5 lobes, to ca. 2 cm long, tube the same colour as the bracts, lobes white, ca. 3 mm long; corolla absent; stamens 5-10. Fruit an achene, 1-1.5 cm, elongate, 5-ribbed containing 1 seed.
Growth Form
It is a rambling shrub, with short and thin thorns which curved at the tips. The thinner branches spread in many directions.
Foliage
Foliages are elliptical or oval in shape, where they are widest at the middle of the lamina.
Flowers
The flowers are small and cream-coloured, tube in shape, flowers continuously through the entire branch, covered by distinctive triangle-shaped, pointed red bracts.
Etymology
Genus Bougainvillea is named after Louis Antoine de Bougainville (1729-1811), who was a French naval officer.
LANDSCAPING FEATURES
Desirable Plant Features
Ornamental Flowers
Landscape Uses
Small Gardens, Hedge / Screening, Container Planting
PLANT CARE AND PROPAGATION
Light Preference
Full Sun
Water Preference
Little Water
Plant Growth Rate
Fast to Moderate
Rootzone Tolerance
Drought Tolerant, Well-Drained Soils
Propagation Method
Stem Cutting
FOLIAR
Foliage Retention
Evergreen
Mature Foliage Colour(s)
Green
Foliar Shape(s)
Non-Palm Foliage (Oval, Elliptical)
Foliar Venation
Pinnate / Net
Foliar Margin
Entire
NON - FOLIAR AND STORAGE
Stem Type & Modification
Woody
FLORAL (ANGIOSPERM)
Flower Colour(s)
Red
Flower Texture(s)
Papery
Flower Location
Axillary
Individual Flower Shape
Tubular
Flowering Period
Free-Flowering
BENEFITS
It also is believed to have anticancer, antihepatotoxic, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, antimicrobial, antioxidant, and antiulcer properties. Bougainvillea spectabilis contains pinitol, which has an insulin-like effect and has the potential for development as a treatment for diabetes.
USES
The flowers, alone or in combination with other medicinal plants, have long been used in Mexican traditional medicine for the treatment of coughs and respiratory problems.
A related species, B. glabra, has been found to have important properties as a botanical insecticide.
PLANT NAME : Cocos Nucifera (coconut)
PLANTED BY : V. venkateshwarlu
Location : Admin Building (AKPL)
DATE : 17-04-2024
TIME : 11:06 AM
ADMIN BUILDING
PLANT LOCATION
PLANT DESCRIPTION
The coconut palm is a long-lived plant; it has a single trunk, 20-30 meter tall, its bark is smooth and gray, marked by ringed scars left by fallen leaf bases. The tree can live as long as 100 years producing an annual yield of 50 to 100 coconuts. The tree can live as long as 100 years producing an annual yield of 50 to 100 coconuts.
A relatively fast-growing, solitary, slender, unarmed palm which characteristically front the coast in tropical regions and is the allusion of lush, tropical paradises with sandy beaches.
Trunk
Stem tall, slender, grey, prominently ringed with old leaf scars (when the leaf die off, it will fall off cleanly from the trunk, leaving a neat rectangular pattern of circular scars).
Foliage
Fronds pinnate, large, up to 5 m long, yellowish-green to dark green, ascending to spreading to drooping, bearing 80 to 100 pairs of leaflets that taper to a split tip, with prominently elevated midrib; leaflets simple, lanceolate, 1.5 to 5 cm wide, 50 to 150 cm long.
Flowers
Inflorescences spreading, 1.2 to 1.6 m long, cream to yellow, arising from within the lower fronds, consisting of 5 female flowers (with each set between 2 smaller male flowers), enclosed by two bracts (60 to 90 cm long) for protection purposes; inner bract is woody and pointed; male flowers will open about 10 to 20 days to encourage cross-pollination, before the female flowers open.
Fruit
Fruits ovoid, up to 30 cm long, ripening from light green or yellow to brown, consisting of a smooth outer skin (exocarp), a fibrous husk (mesocarp) and a hardy woody shell (endocarp); seed has a narrow, white layer of edible endosperm (flesh) and a large cavity filled with water.
LANDSCAPING FEATURES
Landscape Uses
Coastal, Roadside Tree / Palm, Beachfront / Shoreline
