From tropical Asia to North Australia and Polynesia
Native Habitat
Terrestrial (Coastal Forest), Shoreline (Mangrove Forest, Sandy Beach, Rocky Beach)
Preferred Climate Zone
Tropical, Sub-Tropical / Monsoonal
Local Conservation Status
Native to Singapore (Least Concern (LC))
Description and Ethnobotany
Growth Form
It is a pagoda-shaped tree that can grow up to 35 m, and will shed its leaves twice a year. Its leaves are clustered at the end of the twigs.
Trunk
The trunk is often buttressed, with grey bark that is slightly fissured.
Foliage
It has spiral, stalked leaves that are papery to thinly leathery, dark green above, yellowish green below, and will turn red before falling.
Flowers
The flowers are fragrant, white to whitish green, small, 0.5 cm across, and occur on numerous-flowered, 8–16 cm long flower shoots that are inserted at the leaf axils.
Fruit
It produces fruits with a stony core that are green when unripe, yellow or red when ripe, flattened-egg-shaped, 3.5–7 wide long by 2–5.5 cm wide. 2 narrow wings, up to 3 mm wide, can be found along the side of the fruit. Each fruit contains 1 seed.
Associated Fauna
The fruits are attractive to bats which also help with seed dispersal.
Etymology
Terminalia, in Latin, refers to the plant’s leaves that are clustered at the end of end of the twigs, The name catappa is derived from its Malay name, ketapang.
Landscaping Features
Landscaping
It is suitable as a roadside tree, as it is coastal plant, which can tolerate hot sun, dry and high wind condition. It is attractive as its plant shape is similar to a pagoda, and its leaves will turn red before falling.
Desirable Plant Features
Ornamental Foliage, Ornamental Form
Landscape Uses
Coastal, Suitable for Roadsides, General, Parks & Gardens, Beachfront / Shoreline
Fauna, Pollination and Dispersal
Fauna Pollination Dispersal Associated Fauna
Bat Food
Pollination Method(s)
Biotic (Fauna)
Seed or Spore Dispersal
Biotic (Fauna), Abiotic
Plant Care and Propagation
Light Preference
Semi-Shade, Full Sun
Water Preference
Moderate Water
Plant Growth Rate
Moderate
USES
The Terminalia catappa, also known as the Indian almond or tropical almond tree, has many uses, including:
Medicine
The leaves and bark of the tree are used in traditional medicine to treat a variety of ailments, including hepatitis, oral infections, and intestinal issues. The tree has many medicinal properties, including being antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective
ADANI KRISHNAPATNAM PORT
INDEPENDENCE DAY 2024 - PLANTATION
PLANT NAME : Mangifera indica (Mango)
PLANTED BY : Rajan Babu
Location : Krishnapatnam Academy
DATE : 15-08-2024
TIME : 9:57 AM
PLANT LOCATION
PLANT DESCRIPTION
Mangifera indica, commonly known as mango, is a species of flowering plant in the family Anacardiaceae. It is a large fruit tree, capable of growing to a height of 30 metres (100 feet). There are two distinct genetic populations in modern mangoes – the "Indian type" and the "Southeast Asian type".
Classifications and Characteristics
Plant Division
Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon)
Plant Growth Form
Tree (Big (>30m))
Lifespan (in Singapore)
Perennial
Mode of Nutrition
Autotrophic
Plant Shape
Broad / Mushroom / Hemispherical
Maximum Height
30 m to 35 m
Maximum Plant Spread / Crown Width
10 m
Biogeography
Native Distribution
India, Indochina
Preferred Climate Zone
Tropical, Sub-Tropical / Monsoonal
Description and Ethnobotany
Growth Form
A medium to large sized tree with a dense, rounded crown with rather distinctive drooping elliptic to lanceolate leaves.
Foliage
The leaves are simple, deep green, up to 30cm long and 7 cm wide, oblong-elliptic to lanceolate in shape, with entire and slightly undulate margins.
Flowers
Individual flowers are tiny, yellow to pinkish white, but borne on large, showy panicles with red peduncles, and are considered fragrant.
Fruit
The most famous part of this tree, the fruit is a large drupe, up to 20cm long, ovoid-oblong in shape, with green, yellow or red skin often slightly glaucous.
Cultivation
Requires full sun, rich, well-drained soil, and moderate watering. Requires fertilizing with high potassium and phosphate fertilizers if good fruiting is desired. Propagation is by seeds, grafting or budding.
Ethnobotanical Uses
Edible Plant Parts : Edible Fruits Medicinal: The fruit rind(peel) is consider as tonic. The leaves produce a cooling effect and are used to treated fever and colds. The charred leaves are applied to warts to remove them. The bark increase the flow of urine and is also used to stop bleeding. The seeds are used to treat colds, coughs, diarrhoea and excessive bleeding during menstruation. The resin is used for skin diseases and to treat syphilis.
Edible Plant Parts : Edible Fruits Medicinal: The fruit rind(peel) is consider as tonic. The leaves produce a cooling effect and are used to treated fever and colds. The charred leaves are applied to warts to remove them. The bark increase the flow of urine and is also used to stop bleeding. The seeds are used to treat colds, coughs, diarrhoea and excessive bleeding during menstruation. The resin is used for skin diseases and to treat syphilis.
PLANT INFO
PLANT NAME : Peltophorum Pterocarpum
PLANTED BY : Sh. Rajan Babu
LOCATION : Abdul Kalam Garden
DATE : 05-06-2024
TIME : 10:48 AM
PLANT LOCATION
PLANT DESCRIPTION
Plant Division
Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon)
Plant Growth Form
Tree
Lifespan (in Singapore)
Perennial
Mode of Nutrition
Autotrophic
Plant Shape
Umbrella
Maximum Height
35 m
Maximum Plant Spread / Crown Width
9 m to 12 m
Tree or Palm – Trunk Diameter
1 m
BIOGEOGRAPHY
Native Distribution
From Sri Lanka, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malesia to northern Australia.
A deciduous tree with a girth of up to 1 m and grows to 35 m tall.
Crown
The crown is umbrella-shaped with an open crown density.
Foliage
Leaves are bipinnate, 30-60cm long, with 16-20 pinnae. Each pinna has 20-40 oval leaflets, each 0.8-2.5cm long and 0.4-1.0cm long.
LANDSCAPING FEATURES
Landscaping
It suitable for planting along streets, in parks and gardens for its ornamental flowers, and umbrella shaped crown which provides excellent shade.
Desirable Plant Features
Ornamental Flowers
Landscape Uses
Roadside Tree / Palm, Coastal, Shade Providing Tree / Palm, General, Parks & Gardens, Beachfront / Shoreline
FAUNA, POLLINATION AND DISPERSAL
Pollination Method(s)
Biotic (Fauna)
Seed or Spore Dispersal
Abiotic (Water)
PLANT CARE AND PROPAGATION
Light Preference
Full Sun
Water Preference
Moderate Water
Plant Growth Rate
Moderate
Rootzone Tolerance
Moist Soils, Well-Drained Soils, Saline Soils / Salt Spray, Heavy Clay Soils, Alkaline high pH Soils
Maintenance Requirements
Moderate
Propagation Method
Seed, Grafting
FOLIAR
Foliage Retention
Deciduous
Mature Foliage Colour(s)
Green
Foliar Type
Compound (Bipinnate)
Foliar Arrangement Along Stem
Alternate
Foliar Attachment to Stem
Petiolate
Foliar Shape(s)
Non-Palm Foliage (Oval)
Foliar Venation
Pinnate / Net
Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio
3.0 (Tree - Intermediate Canopy)
FLORAL (ANGIOSPERM)
Flower & Plant Sexuality
Bisexual Flowers
Flower Colour(s)
Yellow / Golden
Flower Grouping
Cluster / Inflorescence
Flower Location
Terminal
FRUIT, SEED AND SPORE
Mature Fruit Colour(s)
Purple, Brown
Fruit Classification
Simple Fruit
Fruit Type
Dehiscent Dry Fruit, Legume / Pod
USES
Peltophorum pterocarpum is used for fodder. The bark can also be used as dyes as it contains tannins, giving a light yellow colour to leather. Tannin is also present in leaves and wood. In Java, the dye is used for batik work.
PLANT NAME : Cocos Nucifera (coconut)
PLANTED BY : Sh. Rajan Babu
Location : Admin Building (AKPL)
DATE : 21-05-2024
TIME : 10:30 AM
ADMIN BUILDING
PLANT LOCATION
PLANT DESCRIPTION
The coconut palm is a long-lived plant; it has a single trunk, 20-30 meter tall, its bark is smooth and gray, marked by ringed scars left by fallen leaf bases. The tree can live as long as 100 years producing an annual yield of 50 to 100 coconuts. The tree can live as long as 100 years producing an annual yield of 50 to 100 coconuts.
A relatively fast-growing, solitary, slender, unarmed palm which characteristically front the coast in tropical regions and is the allusion of lush, tropical paradises with sandy beaches.
Trunk
Stem tall, slender, grey, prominently ringed with old leaf scars (when the leaf die off, it will fall off cleanly from the trunk, leaving a neat rectangular pattern of circular scars).
Foliage
Fronds pinnate, large, up to 5 m long, yellowish-green to dark green, ascending to spreading to drooping, bearing 80 to 100 pairs of leaflets that taper to a split tip, with prominently elevated midrib; leaflets simple, lanceolate, 1.5 to 5 cm wide, 50 to 150 cm long.
Flowers
Inflorescences spreading, 1.2 to 1.6 m long, cream to yellow, arising from within the lower fronds, consisting of 5 female flowers (with each set between 2 smaller male flowers), enclosed by two bracts (60 to 90 cm long) for protection purposes; inner bract is woody and pointed; male flowers will open about 10 to 20 days to encourage cross-pollination, before the female flowers open.
Fruit
Fruits ovoid, up to 30 cm long, ripening from light green or yellow to brown, consisting of a smooth outer skin (exocarp), a fibrous husk (mesocarp) and a hardy woody shell (endocarp); seed has a narrow, white layer of edible endosperm (flesh) and a large cavity filled with water.
LANDSCAPING FEATURES
Landscape Uses
Coastal, Roadside Tree / Palm, Beachfront / Shoreline
FAUNA, POLLINATION AND DISPERSAL
Fauna Pollination Dispersal Associated Fauna
Caterpillar Food Plant
PLANT CARE AND PROPAGATION
Light Preference
Full Sun
Water Preference
Moderate Water
FOLIAR
Mature Foliage Color(s)
Green
Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio
2.5 (Palm - Solitary)
NON - FOLIAR AND STORAGE
Trunk Type (Palm)
Solitary Habit, Aboveground
FLORAL (ANGIOSPERM)
Flower Color(s)
Cream / Off-White, Yellow / Golden
PLANT INFO
PLANT NAME : Peltophorum Pterocarpum
PLANTED BY : Sh. Rajan babu
LOCATION : Chalivendram Boundary
DATE : 21-03-2024
TIME : 10:30 AM
PLANT LOCATION
PLANT DESCRIPTION
Plant Division
Angiosperms (Flowering Seed Plants) (Dicotyledon)
Plant Growth Form
Tree
Lifespan (in Singapore)
Perennial
Mode of Nutrition
Autotrophic
Plant Shape
Umbrella
Maximum Height
35 m
Maximum Plant Spread / Crown Width
9 m to 12 m
Tree or Palm – Trunk Diameter
1 m
BIOGEOGRAPHY
Native Distribution
From Sri Lanka, Thailand, Cambodia, Vietnam, Malesia to northern Australia.
A deciduous tree with a girth of up to 1 m and grows to 35 m tall.
Crown
The crown is umbrella-shaped with an open crown density.
Foliage
Leaves are bipinnate, 30-60cm long, with 16-20 pinnae. Each pinna has 20-40 oval leaflets, each 0.8-2.5cm long and 0.4-1.0cm long.
LANDSCAPING FEATURES
Landscaping
It suitable for planting along streets, in parks and gardens for its ornamental flowers, and umbrella shaped crown which provides excellent shade.
Desirable Plant Features
Ornamental Flowers
Landscape Uses
Roadside Tree / Palm, Coastal, Shade Providing Tree / Palm, General, Parks & Gardens, Beachfront / Shoreline
FAUNA, POLLINATION AND DISPERSAL
Pollination Method(s)
Biotic (Fauna)
Seed or Spore Dispersal
Abiotic (Water)
PLANT CARE AND PROPAGATION
Light Preference
Full Sun
Water Preference
Moderate Water
Plant Growth Rate
Moderate
Rootzone Tolerance
Moist Soils, Well-Drained Soils, Saline Soils / Salt Spray, Heavy Clay Soils, Alkaline high pH Soils
Maintenance Requirements
Moderate
Propagation Method
Seed, Grafting
FOLIAR
Foliage Retention
Deciduous
Mature Foliage Colour(s)
Green
Foliar Type
Compound (Bipinnate)
Foliar Arrangement Along Stem
Alternate
Foliar Attachment to Stem
Petiolate
Foliar Shape(s)
Non-Palm Foliage (Oval)
Foliar Venation
Pinnate / Net
Leaf Area Index (LAI) for Green Plot Ratio
3.0 (Tree - Intermediate Canopy)
FLORAL (ANGIOSPERM)
Flower & Plant Sexuality
Bisexual Flowers
Flower Colour(s)
Yellow / Golden
Flower Grouping
Cluster / Inflorescence
Flower Location
Terminal
FRUIT, SEED AND SPORE
Mature Fruit Colour(s)
Purple, Brown
Fruit Classification
Simple Fruit
Fruit Type
Dehiscent Dry Fruit, Legume / Pod
USES
Peltophorum pterocarpum is used for fodder. The bark can also be used as dyes as it contains tannins, giving a light yellow colour to leather. Tannin is also present in leaves and wood. In Java, the dye is used for batik work.
PLANT NAME : Cocos Nucifera (coconut)
PLANTED BY : Rajan Babu
DATE : 01-1-2024
TIME : 10:30 AM
PLANT LOCATION
PLANT DESCRIPTION
The coconut palm is a long-lived plant; it has a single trunk, 20-30 meter tall, its bark is smooth and gray, marked by ringed scars left by fallen leaf bases. The tree can live as long as 100 years producing an annual yield of 50 to 100 coconuts. The tree can live as long as 100 years producing an annual yield of 50 to 100 coconuts.
A relatively fast-growing, solitary, slender, unarmed palm which characteristically front the coast in tropical regions and is the allusion of lush, tropical paradises with sandy beaches.
Trunk
Stem tall, slender, grey, prominently ringed with old leaf scars (when the leaf die off, it will fall off cleanly from the trunk, leaving a neat rectangular pattern of circular scars).
Foliage
Fronds pinnate, large, up to 5 m long, yellowish-green to dark green, ascending to spreading to drooping, bearing 80 to 100 pairs of leaflets that taper to a split tip, with prominently elevated midrib; leaflets simple, lanceolate, 1.5 to 5 cm wide, 50 to 150 cm long.
Flowers
Inflorescences spreading, 1.2 to 1.6 m long, cream to yellow, arising from within the lower fronds, consisting of 5 female flowers (with each set between 2 smaller male flowers), enclosed by two bracts (60 to 90 cm long) for protection purposes; inner bract is woody and pointed; male flowers will open about 10 to 20 days to encourage cross-pollination, before the female flowers open.
Fruit
Fruits ovoid, up to 30 cm long, ripening from light green or yellow to brown, consisting of a smooth outer skin (exocarp), a fibrous husk (mesocarp) and a hardy woody shell (endocarp); seed has a narrow, white layer of edible endosperm (flesh) and a large cavity filled with water.
LANDSCAPING FEATURES
Landscape Uses
Coastal, Roadside Tree / Palm, Beachfront / Shoreline
